Polish Researches on Electronic Toll Collection

Motor Transport Institute has developed functional structure of the National Automatic Toll Collection System (NATCS). It consists of the following elements: two intelligent on-board units (OBUs), two control gates and laboratory model of National Automatic Toll Collection Centre (NATCC). OBU automatically calculates the amount of charge due, taking into account the vehicle category (admissible weight, number of axles), the emissions class and road distance. OBU is equipped with GPS, GSM and DSRC module, so it is interoperable with other electronic toll systems in the EU member states and meets requirements of directive 2004/52/EC and EC decision of 6 October 2009. The NATCS has recognized not only OBU Tripon – EU but also OBU from Toll Collect (Germany) and Passango from France which proved interoperability with another different types of systems in the EU. The efficacy of automatic detection of number plates was 98%, after process analysis it increases to 99.9%. For the purposes of NATCS it was assumed that value of Position Dilution of Precision.(PDOP) should be 90 percent and the value between 0.1 and 3. The tested OBU with the number of measurements were respectively 90%, of perfect values (0.1-1), and 8% excellent values. For the purposes of NATCS it was assumed that GPS receiver in OBU should track at least 5 satellites, for more accurate calculations and in the event of the loss of signal from one of them. The test results showed that the number of satellites used for the purpose of location was 99% of measurements from 5 to 11 satellites.